Whitaker, Cord J. "Blackness as metaphor." Throughlines. www.throughlines.org/suite-content/blackness-as-metaphor. [Date accessed].

Blackness as metaphor

The metaphor of Blackness deployed in medieval epics was a rhetorical tool that aided early racial formation.

Download the transcript
Cord J. Whitaker
Wellesley College

Many medieval epics regale their audiences with the phenomenon of skin color change, often in the context of religious conversion. The metaphor of Blackness at play in these epics offers a way to understand how phenotypic traits were used as markers of good or evil in the literature and culture of medieval Europe. The long history of racial construction has its roots in how Blackness is leveraged as a metaphor over hundreds of years.

Further learning

Video

Where were the Black people in the Middle Ages?

Records and texts from the period offer insight into a rich and cosmopolitan medieval Europe, where there were not only Black people, but they held positions of power and prestige.

Cord J. Whitaker

Recommended

Video

Piers Plowman and whiteness in Passion plays

A leather costume worn by an actor playing the crucified Christ offers a new understanding for how medieval drama shaped ideas about race. Wan-Chuan Kao follows the performance tradition of medieval Passion plays into William Langland's Piers Plowman, all while unraveling constructions of whiteness that linger with us today.

Essay

Spenser and his racializing influences

Comparing episodes from The Faerie Queene with episodes from the works that inspired Spenser, in particular excerpts from Ariosto’s and Tasso’s works, is a productive way to draw attention to how racialization travels and mutates across national traditions.

Dennis Britton
Video

Race in Spenser’s The Faerie Queene

The genre of epic has significantly defined what Muslims are in the white European imagination. Spenser’s allegory helps make racist tropes “stick” to Muslim bodies. 

Dennis Britton